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An article (with the linguistic glossing abbreviation ART) is a word that is used alongside a noun (as a standalone word or a prefix or suffix) to specify grammatical definiteness of the noun, and in some languages extending to volume or numerical scope.
Punctuation (formerly sometimes called pointing) is the
use of spacing, conventional signs, and certain typographical devices as
aids to the understanding and the correct reading, both silently and
aloud, of handwritten and printed texts.
Another description is: "The practice, action, or system of inserting
points or other small marks into texts, in order to aid interpretation;
division of text into sentences, clauses, etc., by means of such marks."
Capitalization, or capitalisationis writing a word with its first letter as a capital letter (upper-case letter) and the remaining letters in lower case in writing systems with a case distinction. The term is also used for the choice of case in text.
Capitalization, or capitalisationis writing a word with its first letter as a capital letter (upper-case letter) and the remaining letters in lower case in writing systems with a case distinction. The term is also used for the choice of case in text.
Case is a special grammatical category of a noun, pronoun, adjective, participle or numeral whose value reflects the grammatical function performed by that word in a phrase, clause, or sentence. In some languages, nouns, pronouns, adjectives, determiners, participles, prepositions, numerals, articles and their modifiers take different inflected
forms depending on what case they are in. As a language evolves, cases
can merge (for instance, in Ancient Greek, the vocative case merged with
the dative), a phenomenon formally called syncretism.
Comparison
is a feature in the morphology or syntax of some languages, whereby
adjectives and adverbs are inflected or modified to indicate the
relative degree of the property defined by the adjective or adverb. The
comparative expresses a comparison between two (or more) entities or
groups of entities in quality, quantity, or degree; the superlative is
the form of an adverb or adjective that is the greatest degree of a
given descriptor.
In linguistics, grammatical gender is a specific form of noun-class
system in which the division of noun classes forms an agreement system
with another aspect of the language, such as adjectives, articles,
pronouns, or verbs. This system is used in approximately one quarter of
the world's languages. In these languages, most or all nouns inherently carry one value of the grammatical category called gender;the values present in a given language (of which there are usually two or three) are called the genders of that language. According to one definition: "Genders are classes of nouns reflected in the behaviour of associated words."
Objectives: By the end of the lesson you will have
1. learnt the difference between direct & indirect speeches.
2. learnt the rules of narration according to tenses.
3.learnt to change the direct speech of statement or assertive sentence into indirect speech.
1. learnt the difference between direct & indirect speeches.
2. learnt the rules of narration according to tenses.
3.learnt to change the direct speech of statement or assertive sentence into indirect speech.
In linguistics, grammatical number is a grammatical category of nouns, pronouns, and adjective and verb agreement that expresses count distinctions (such as "one", "two", or "three or more").[2] In many languages, including English, the number categories are singular and plural. Some languages also have a dual, trial, quadral and paucal number or other arrangements.
The count distinctions typically, but not always, correspond to the actual count of the referents of the marked noun or pronoun.
The word "number" is also used in linguistics to describe the distinction between certain grammatical aspects that indicate the number of times an event occurs, such as the semelfactive aspect, the iterative aspect, etc. For that use of the term, see "Grammatical aspect".
The count distinctions typically, but not always, correspond to the actual count of the referents of the marked noun or pronoun.
The word "number" is also used in linguistics to describe the distinction between certain grammatical aspects that indicate the number of times an event occurs, such as the semelfactive aspect, the iterative aspect, etc. For that use of the term, see "Grammatical aspect".
In traditional grammar, a part of speech (abbreviated form: PoS or POS) is a category of words (or, more generally, of lexical items) which have similar grammatical properties. Words that are assigned to the same part of speech generally display similar behavior in terms of syntax—they play similar roles within the grammatical structure of sentences—and sometimes in terms of morphology, in that they undergo inflection for similar properties. Commonly listed English parts of speech are noun, verb, adjective, adverb, pronoun, preposition, conjunction, interjection, and sometimes numeral, article or determiner.
In non-functional linguistics, a sentence is a textual unit consisting of one or more words that are grammatically linked. In functional linguistics, a sentence
is a unit of written texts delimited by graphological features such as
upper case letters and markers such as periods, question marks, and
exclamation marks. This notion opposes that of the curve, which is delimited by phonologic features such as pitch and loudness and markers such as pauses. This notion also opposes a clause, which is a sequence of words that represents some process going on throughout time.[1] This entry is mainly about sentence
in its non-functional sense, though much work in functional linguistics
is indirectly cited or considered such as the categories of Speech Act
Theory.
Transformational grammar (TG) or transformational-generative grammar (TGG) is, in the study of linguistics, part of the theory of generative grammar, especially of naturally evolved languages,
that considers grammar to be a system of rules that generate exactly
those combinations of words which form grammatical sentences in a given
language. TG involves the use of defined operations called transformations to produce new sentences from existing ones. The concept was originated by Noam Chomsky, and much current research in transformational grammar has been inspired by Chomsky's Minimalist Program.[1]
In grammar, the voice of a verb, also called diathesis /daɪˈæθəsɪs/ and (rarely) the gender of a verb,[2] describes the relationship between the action (or state) that the verb expresses and the participants identified by its arguments (subject, object, etc.). When the subject is the agent or doer of the action, the verb is in the active voice. When the subject is the patient, target or undergoer of the action, the verb is said to be in the passive voice.
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